AP+Chem

AP CHEMISTRY SYLLABUS The AP Chemistry course is designed to be the equivalent of the general chemistry course usually taken during the first or second year of college. The AP Chemistry course is a time intensive challenging course so students are expected to work conscientiously with a positive attitude.

__Attendance in class is a vital and critically importance for success in the class. Every effort should be made to ensure that class is not missed.__ Students are expected to work __daily__ outside the classroom on class assignments and/or preparing for tests and quizzes as well as reading their textbook. __Preparation for the AP Chemistry test is a year long, full-time endeavor.__

For some students, the AP Chemistry course enables them to undertake, in their first year, second-year work in the chemistry sequence at their institution or to register in courses in other fields where general chemistry is a prerequisite. For other students, the AP Chemistry course fulfills the laboratory science requirement and frees time for other courses.

The AP Chemistry course focuses on instruction that promotes enduring, conceptual understandings and the content that supports them. Time spent on inquiry-based learning, including guided-inquiry based lab experience, of essential concepts will help develop student reasoning skills necessary to engage in the science practices used throughout their study of AP Chemistry.

The AP Chemistry course is structured around the six big ideas presented and described in the AP Chemistry Curriculum Framework provided by the CollegeBoard. For each of the big ideas,

__ AP Chemistry Big Ideas: __

BIG IDEA 1- The chemical elements are fundamental building materials of matter, and all matter can be understood in terms of arrangements of atoms. These atoms retain their identity in chemical reactions.

Enduring Understanding 1.A-All matter is made of atoms. There are a limited number of types of atoms; these are elements Enduring Understanding 1.B-The atoms of each element have unique structures arising from interactions between electrons and nuclei. Enduring Understanding 1.C-Elements display periodicity in their properties when the elements are organized according to increasing atomic number. This periodicity can be explained by the regular variations that occur in the electronic structures of atoms. Periodicity is a useful principle for understanding properties and predicting trends in periods. Its modern-day uses range from examining the composition of materials to generating ideas for designing new materials. Enduring Understanding 1.D-Atoms are so small that they are difficult to study directly; atomic models are constructed to explain experimental data on collections of atoms. Enduring Understanding 1.E-Atoms are conserved in physical and chemical processes.

BIG IDEA 2- Chemical and physical properties of materials can be explained by the structure and arrangement of atoms, ions, molecules and the forces between them.

Enduring Understanding 2.A-Matter can be described by its physical properties. The physical properties of a substance generally depend on the spacing between the particles (atoms, molecules, ions) that make up the substance and the forces of attraction among them. Enduring Understanding 2.B-Forces of attraction between particles (including the noble gases and also different parts of large molecules) are important in determining many macroscopic properties of a substance, including how observable physical state changes with temperature. Enduring Understanding 2.C-The strong electrostatic forces of attraction holding atoms together in a unit are called chemical bonds. Enduring Understanding 2.D-The type of bonding in the solid state can be induced from the properties of the solid state.

BIG IDEA3- Changes in matter involve the rearrangement and/or the reorganization of atoms and /or the transfer of electrons.

Enduring Understanding 3.A-Chemical changes are represented by a balanced chemical equation that identifies the ratios with which reactants react and products form. Enduring Understanding 3.B-Chemical reactions can be classified by considering what the reactants are, what the products are, or how they change from one into the other. Classes of chemical reactions include synthesis, decomposition, acid-base, and oxidation-reduction reactions. Enduring Understanding 3.C-Chemical and physical transformation may be observed in several ways and typically involve a change in energy.

BIG IDEA 4-Rates of chemical reactions are determined by the details of the molecular collisions.

Enduring Understanding 4.A-Reaction rates that depend on temperature and other environmental factors are determined by measuring changes in concentrations of reactants or products over time. Enduring Understanding 4.B-Elementary reactions are mediated by collisions between molecules. Only collisions having sufficient energy and proper relative orientation of reactants lead to products. Enduring Understanding 4.C-Many reactions proceed via a series of elemental steps. Enduring Understanding 4.D-Raction rates may be increased by the presence of a catalyst.

BIG IDEA 5- The laws of thermodynamics describe the essential role of energy and explain and predict the direction of changes in matter.

Enduring Understanding 5.A-Two systems with different temperatures that are in thermal contact will exchange energy. The quantity of thermal energy transferred from one system to another is called heat. Enduring Understanding 5.B-Energy is neither created nor destroyed, but only transformed from one form to another. Enduring Understanding 5.C-Breaking bonds requires energy, and making bonds releases energy. Enduring Understanding 5.D-Electrostatic forces exist between molecules as well as between atoms or ions, and breaking the resultant intermolecular interactions requires energy. Enduring Understanding 5.E-Chemical or physical processes are driven by a decrease in enthalpy or an increase in entropy, or both.

BIG IDEA 6-Any bond or intermolecular attraction that can be formed can be broken. These processes are in a dynamic competition, sensitive to initial conditions and external perturbations.

Enduring Understanding 6.A-Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic, reversible state in which rates of opposing processes are equal. Enduring Understanding 6.B-Systems at equilibrium are responsive to external perturbations, with the response leading to a change in the composition of the system. Enduring Understanding 6.C-Chemical equilibrium plays an important role in acid-base chemistry and solubility. Enduring Understanding 6.D-The equilibrium constant is related to temperature and the difference in Gibbs free energy between reactants and products.

The big ideas and enduring understanding lead to and connect with essential knowledge, science practices, and learning objectives that students should know and be able to do. Students will be provided the Big Ideas, enduring understandings, essential understandings, science practices, and learning objectives for the AP Chemistry course.

TEXTBOOK

Publisher**:** Houghton Mifflin Company, 2014
 * Primary Textbook **
 * Title: ** __Chemistry__, AP Edition, Ninth Edition, by Zumdahl and Zumdahl


 * Supplemental Textbooks **

Publisher: Houghton Mifflin, 2014
 * Title ** : __Fast track to a 5-Preparing for the AP* Chemistry Examination__, To accompany Chemistry, 8th and 9th Editions by Zumdahl and Zumdahl, by Duncan, Pezzi, and Knoepsel

Publisher: The College Board, 2013
 * Primary Lab Book **
 * Title: **__ AP Chemistry Guided Inquiry Experiments: Applying the Science Practices __

GRADING- Grades will be earned on summative assessments (approximately 70%), as well as laboratory work/reports and homework (approximately 30%). .

LAB WORK/REPORTS and HOMEWORK - All assessments, assignments and due dates will be announced and posted.

Most labs will be done during regular class time. Some may need to be completed afterschool and on rare occations will be done on a saturday morning.

Laboratory work/reports and homework will be assigned, collected, graded, and returned. ---will be graded for both completeness and accuracy. __is due at the beginning of the period (immediately after the bell rings) in which it is due, unless otherwise specified__.

Laboratory work/reports and homework that is handed in after the beginning of the period, during the period, or later in the school day is considered to be late with a max of of a 70 earned grade. Laboratory work/reports and homework or any other assignment that is one day late will lose 50% credit. Laboratory work/reports and homework or any other assignment that is more than one day late (beginning of the period the day after the homework/assignment was due) will receive no credit (0 points).

The student is responsible for making up all work/assessments missed during an excused absence. A student will be given the same number of days he/she has been absent (with a properly excused absence) to make up the work/assessments. All work missed during unexcused absences cannot be made up for credit and a grade of zero will be given.

CLASSROOM POLICIES-
 * 1) Bring the textbook, calculator, notebook, and writing utensil to class every day.
 * 2) Be respectful of others in the classroom. Treat others the way you would want to be treated.
 * 3) Keep your hand and feet to yourselves
 * 4) No cell phones unless approved for the learning that day.
 * 5) No food, beverages, or gum allowed in class/Lab.
 * 6) Do your own work. Cheating will result in no credit.
 * 7) Lab rules/procedures/directions and safety precautions must be followed and will be strictly enforced.

*__NOTE- ALL AP CHEMISTRY STUDENTS ARE REQUIRED TO TAKE THE AP CHEM EXAM. MAKE THE NECESSARY ARRANGEMENTS TO BE AVAILABLE.__**

TUTORIALS- Tutorials will be available in room L 70 or Rm 67 before and/or after school or by appointment.

To contact Mr Ayala Email- jose.ayala@brooksacademy.org Phone 210-633-9006 Website: http://ayalascience2100.wikispaces.com Student Name:_________________________________________________:__ Signature Print

Parent/Guardian Name: ____________________________________________ Signature Print_